Status: provisional. This page supports an e-poster at the Korean Association for Sexual Health (대한성학회) autumn conference, 21 November 2026. Figures may still change slightly if the 13 unresolved records become available; every change will be dated below.
한국어 요약은 번역 검토를 거쳐 곧 추가됩니다. A Korean summary will be added after translation review.
The finding
- Of 959 PubMed records, 190 primary studies (19,819 participants) reported a sexual outcome in transgender people after hormones or genital surgery. 13 records still await full-text review.
- Europe and North America contributed 88.7% of participants. East, Southeast and South Asia together contributed 5.4%.
- Korea contributed 3 studies and 70 participants (0.35%). All three are case series from one centre (Dong-A University, Busan), with operations between 1991 and 2009 and outcomes collected by interview.
- Only 46 of 190 studies (24%) used a named, published sexual-function questionnaire. No Korean study did.
- A Korean FSFI-5 was validated in 2019, but no study has reported using it in transgender people. A recent Korean multicentre cohort of 824 people on hormones, including 84 after vaginoplasty and 23 after phalloplasty, asked one question about sexual confidence but used no sexual-function measure.
Conclusion: Korean transgender patients are cared for with evidence generated elsewhere. A Korean questionnaire and the patients already exist. Adding the Korean FSFI-5, once validated in transgender women, and a validated measure for transgender men to existing Korean cohorts would close this gap. Nursing and medical education should say where the evidence comes from.
For researchers: if you are adding sexual-function measures to a Korean cohort, we will share our searches, screening decisions and coding. Write to [email protected]. 국내 코호트에 성기능 측정을 추가하려는 연구자께 검색식, 선별 결과, 코딩을 공유합니다.
Where the evidence comes from
Country of the study population. Participants are those for whom a sexual outcome is analysed or reported, where the study says, otherwise those enrolled; 2 studies did not state a number. Two papers by Lawrence (2005, 2006) report the same 232 patients; they are counted once.
| Region | Studies | Participants | Share of participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | 109 | 9,322 | 47.0% |
| North America | 48 | 8,262 | 41.7% |
| South Asia | 3 | 542 | 2.7% |
| Oceania | 1 | 486 | 2.5% |
| West Asia / Middle East | 11 | 425 | 2.1% |
| East Asia (incl. Korea) | 9 | 358 | 1.8% |
| — of which Korea | 3 | 70 | 0.35% |
| Latin America | 6 | 262 | 1.3% |
| Southeast Asia | 3 | 162 | 0.8% |
| Total | 190 | 19,819 |
The Korean evidence
Included in the map
| Study | Population | Sexual outcome | How measured |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kim SK et al. 2003, Plast Reconstr Surg 112:143 (doi:10.1097/01.PRS.0000066169.78208.D4) | 28 trans women (in a series of 36), rectosigmoid vaginoplasty, operated 1992–2002 | Orgasm during intercourse in 19 of 22 trans women who had intercourse | Examination and 9-item interview |
| Kim SK et al. 2009, J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 62:309 (doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2007.11.011) | 40 trans men, radial forearm phalloplasty, operated 1991–2005 | Erogenous sensation; intercourse | Interview; sensory scale |
| Kim SK et al. 2011, J Plast Surg Hand Surg 45:226 (doi:10.3109/2000656X.2011.613649) | 2 trans women (in a series of 12), laparoscopic rectosigmoid vaginoplasty, 2008–09 | Sexual life without discomfort (reported separately) | Interview |
All three papers were read in full. This body of work is that of Prof. Seok-Kwun Kim, who laid the foundations of gender-affirming surgery in Korea.
Read in full but not included
- Kim SK et al. 2017, Arch Plast Surg 44:48 (doi:10.5999/aps.2017.44.1.48): 44 trans women in a mixed series of 84, operated 1992–2014. Sexual outcomes were not reported separately for trans women.
- Kim SK et al. 2012, Arch Plast Surg 39:390 (doi:10.5999/aps.2012.39.4.390): 58 phalloplasties; satisfaction with rigidity and volume only, no sexual outcome.
Held separately: brain imaging of sexual arousal
Five studies from Chonnam National University (2012–2026, 9–17 participants each) measured brain responses (fMRI) to erotic stimuli after surgery or on hormones, e.g. Oh SK et al. 2012, Korean J Radiol 13:257 (doi:10.3348/kjr.2012.13.3.257). These are physiological studies, not patient-reported sexual function, so they are reported separately rather than counted in the map. The Korean FSFI-5 was validated at the same university, by its urology department (Chung SJ et al. 2019, Korean J Sex Health 3:3, doi:10.34224/kjsh.2019.3.1.3).
The patients exist
The Korean multicentre KITE cohort (Lee ES et al. 2026, Int J Transgend Health, doi:10.1080/26895269.2026.2626839) includes 824 people on hormones, 84 after vaginoplasty (75 trans women and 9 non-binary people) and 23 after phalloplasty. It asked one question on how hormones affected sexual confidence (46.4% said it improved) and used no sexual-function measure. KITE was found through our Korean searches, not the PubMed search, so it is reported here rather than counted in the map. Counted in, Korea would be 4 studies and 894 participants, 4.3% of the total.
Methods
Question and eligibility
Where has the evidence on sexual health after gender-affirming hormones or genital surgery been generated, and how much of it comes from Korea? We included primary studies (2000–2026) of transgender people who had hormones or genital surgery and that measured and reported any sexual outcome. Mixed cohorts counted only if results for transgender participants were reported separately. Reviews, editorials, letters and single case reports were excluded. Reproductive outcomes were not searched systematically.
PubMed search (run 24 October 2026; 959 records)
("Transgender Persons"[MeSH] OR "Sex Reassignment Procedures"[MeSH] OR "Gender Dysphoria"[MeSH] OR transgender*[tiab] OR transsexual*[tiab] OR "trans women"[tiab] OR "trans men"[tiab] OR "trans people"[tiab] OR "trans individuals"[tiab] OR transfeminine[tiab] OR transmasculine[tiab] OR nonbinary[tiab] OR non-binary[tiab] OR "gender dysphoria"[tiab] OR "gender incongruence"[tiab] OR "gender affirming"[tiab] OR "gender-affirming"[tiab] OR "gender confirming"[tiab] OR "gender confirmation"[tiab] OR "sex reassignment"[tiab] OR vaginoplasty[tiab] OR phalloplasty[tiab] OR metoidioplasty[tiab] OR "gender identity disorder*"[tiab] OR "Transsexualism"[MeSH] OR "sex change"[tiab] OR "male-to-female"[tiab] OR "female-to-male"[tiab]) AND ("Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological"[MeSH] OR "Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological"[MeSH] OR "Orgasm"[MeSH] OR "Libido"[MeSH] OR "Dyspareunia"[MeSH] OR "sexual function*"[tiab] OR "sexual dysfunction*"[tiab] OR "sexual satisfaction"[tiab] OR "sexual wellbeing"[tiab] OR "sexual well-being"[tiab] OR "sexual pleasure"[tiab] OR "sexual desire"[tiab] OR orgasm*[tiab] OR libido[tiab] OR dyspareunia[tiab] OR erogenous[tiab] OR FSFI[tiab] OR "sexual intercourse"[tiab] OR "sexual activity"[tiab] OR "sexual life"[tiab] OR "sexual experience*"[tiab] OR "sexual sensation"[tiab] OR "sexually active"[tiab] OR coitus[tiab] OR "Coitus"[MeSH] OR "sexual quality of life"[tiab] OR "sexual arousal"[tiab] OR "Sexual Arousal"[MeSH] OR arousal[tiab] OR erectile[tiab] OR erection*[tiab] OR lubrication[tiab] OR "genital sensation"[tiab] OR "clitoral sensation"[tiab] OR "neoclitoral sensation"[tiab] OR "tactile sensation"[tiab]) AND (vaginoplasty[tiab] OR vulvoplasty[tiab] OR phalloplasty[tiab] OR metoidioplasty[tiab] OR orchiectomy[tiab] OR "Sex Reassignment Surgery"[MeSH] OR "sex reassignment"[tiab] OR "gender affirming"[tiab] OR "gender-affirming"[tiab] OR "gender confirming"[tiab] OR "hormone therapy"[tiab] OR "hormone treatment"[tiab] OR testosterone[tiab] OR estradiol[tiab] OR oestradiol[tiab] OR estrogen[tiab]) AND ("2000/01/01"[dp]:"2026/10/24"[dp]) NOT (review[pt] OR "systematic review"[pt] OR "meta-analysis"[pt] OR "systematic review"[ti] OR "meta-analysis"[ti] OR review[ti] OR editorial[pt] OR comment[pt] OR letter[pt] OR "case reports"[pt])An earlier version of this search lacked several older terms (“gender identity disorder”, Transsexualism[MeSH], male-to-female, female-to-male, intercourse, arousal, erection) and missed Korean papers indexed in PubMed. The error was found while searching the Korean databases, the search was expanded, and the 204 additional records were screened. The search above is the corrected version and reproduces all 959 records.
Korean databases
| Database | Terms | Records |
|---|---|---|
| KCI | 33 Korean and English terms (트랜스젠더, 성전환, 성별불쾌감, 성주체성장애, 성정체성장애, 성확정, 질성형술, 음경성형술, transgender, transsexual, gender dysphoria, sex reassignment and others) | 1,962 unique |
| RISS (theses) | 트랜스젠더; 성전환 (first 1,000 by relevance) | 118 relevant titles |
| RISS (domestic articles) | 트랜스젠더; 성전환 (first 300 by relevance); 성주체성장애 | 629 unique |
| KoreaMed | transgender, transsexual(ism), gender identity disorder, gender dysphoria, sex reassignment | 65 (all read) |
| Korean J Sex Health (대한성학회지) | Every issue read, 2014–2021 | No outcome study |
Screening and coding
- Titles and abstracts were screened with AI assistance against the criteria above; records left unclear were checked against full texts where these could be obtained. The author re-screened 80 random records blind: 60 drawn from the first 670 records screened and 20 from the remaining 289, which include every Korean paper in PubMed. Agreement with the AI’s title-and-abstract decisions: 76 of 80, κ = 0.90 (include / exclude / unclear) and 0.97 (include versus not). There were no include-versus-exclude disagreements.
- All 30 records sent to full text were then checked blind by an independent human reviewer, working without AI: 25 of 30 agreed with the AI (κ = 0.65). The author ruled on each disagreement: two studies were added (Djordjevic 2016, outcomes after reversal of genital surgery; van Heesewijk 2026, changes in sex drive), and two stayed excluded (Abern 2026, results not separable for those on testosterone; Kim SK 2012, no sexual outcome). One record, Özkan 2018, was found to have been decided on its abstract and is now labelled so.
- Every Korean study in the map was read in full. Five other Korean records could be seen only as abstracts: two histology studies (2000, 2005), two theses and an Inje University vaginoplasty series (2001).
- Country was coded from the study population, or from the authors’ affiliation where the population was not stated.
- A study counted as using a named, published sexual-function questionnaire if it used one of: FSFI (and variants), SDI, IIEF, FSDS-R, GENDER-Q sexual scales, PROMIS sexual function, CSFQ, GMSEX, MSFI, the Transmasculine Sexual Functioning Index, the Inclusive Sexual Function Index, EDITS, SEAR, B-PFSF, ASPI, the Amsterdam Sexual Pleasure scale, the Erection Hardness Score, QSE or the WHOQOL-100 sexual facet. Unnamed “validated” tools and physiological tests did not count. The rule was checked on a random sample of 20 records against their abstracts.
Limitations
- International studies were searched in PubMed only.
- 13 records are still unresolved because no full text could be obtained (9 with a DOI but no open copy, 4 without a DOI).
- Some participants may appear in more than one paper from the same centre.
- Screening and data extraction were AI-assisted. Every record sent to full text was checked by an independent human reviewer, but title-and-abstract decisions, and data extracted from abstracts, were checked only in the random sample of 80.
All 190 included studies
Show the list
* used a named, published sexual-function questionnaire.
Europe (109): Handschuh 2024* (Austria, n=30, PMID 38955254); Klöbl 2024 (Austria, n=32, PMID 38216784); Hagen 2025* (Austria, n=42, PMID 41174546); De Cuypere 2005 (Belgium, n=55, PMID 16362252); Selvaggi 2007 (Belgium, n=57, PMID 17413887); Elaut 2008* (Belgium, n=62, PMID 18299474); Weyers 2009* (Belgium, n=50, PMID 19040622); Elaut 2010* (Belgium, n=34, PMID 19620824); Wierckx 2011 (Belgium, n=49, PMID 21699661); Wierckx 2011* (Belgium, n=45, PMID 21602316); Wierckx 2014 (Belgium, n=352, PMID 24165564); Opsomer 2021 (Belgium, n=384, PMID 34432697); Kennis 2022* (Belgium, n=259, PMID 35418328); Wierckx 2014 (Belgium (multicentre ENIGI; other centres not named in abstract), n=106, PMID 24828032); Kerckhof 2019 (Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, n=518, PMID 31668732); Vesely 2007 (Czech Republic, n=22, PMID 17452841); Defreyne 2020* (Europe (ENIGI multicentre; first author Belgium), n=766, PMID 32008926); Revol 2006 (France, n=63, PMID 16626849); Leriche 2008 (France, n=56, PMID 18190640); Terrier 2014 (France, n=24, PMID 24024755); Neuville 2019* (France, n=20, PMID 30638882); Litrico 2023* (France, n=45, PMID 37643527); Richard 2024* (France, n=64, PMID 38972478); Kitic 2025* (France, n=56, PMID 39779300); Sabbagh 2025 (France, n=76, PMID 39506912); Duflot 2025* (France, n=158, PMID 40309075); Monchablon 2025 (France, n=21, PMID 39981275); Krege 2001 (Germany, n=66, PMID 11564029); Mueller 2007 (Germany, n=37, PMID 17579193); Kronawitter 2009* (Germany, n=16, PMID 19497984); Schaff 2009 (Germany, n=37, PMID 19399883); Mueller 2010 (Germany, n=45, PMID 20584125); Wagner 2010 (Germany, n=50, PMID 20389165); Amend 2013 (Germany, n=24, PMID 23375962); Hess 2018 (Germany, n=119, PMID 29977922); Zavlin 2019 (Germany, n=40, PMID 30638830); Küenzlen 2020 (Germany, n=20, PMID 32201146); Laube 2020* (Germany, n=?, PMID 32147311); Papadopulos 2021 (Germany, n=32, PMID 33661220); Garz 2021 (Germany, n=210, PMID 33616008); Engelmann 2022 (Germany, n=16, PMID 36182574); Wenk 2025 (Germany, n=53, PMID 40892260); Zavlin 2018 (Germany, n=40, PMID 29101439); Santanelli 2000 (Italy, n=5, PMID 10839396); Bettocchi 2004* (Italy, n=25, PMID 15175636); Liguori 2005 (Italy, n=5, PMID 16098358); Soli 2008 (Italy, n=26, PMID 17956556); Imbimbo 2009 (Italy, n=163, PMID 19619147); Trombetta 2011 (Italy, n=12, PMID 22139804); Costantino 2013 (Italy, n=50, PMID 23470169); Dessy 2014 (Italy, n=6, PMID 24374675); Castellano 2015 (Italy, n=60, PMID 26486135); Cocci 2019 (Italy, n=94, PMID 31266281); Giovanardi 2019 (Italy, n=10, PMID 30953318); Falcone 2020 (Italy, n=34, PMID 32034312); Gentile 2020* (Italy, n=67, PMID 33016040); Vedovo 2020* (Italy, n=65, PMID 32003598); Vedovo 2021* (Italy, n=125, PMID 33771479); Canale 2022 (Italy, n=6, PMID 35811288); Vedovo 2024* (Italy, n=22, PMID 37179422); Zucchi 2026 (Italy, n=19, PMID 40914759); Smith 2001 (Netherlands, n=20, PMID 11314574); Hage 2001 (Netherlands, n=4, PMID 11391198); Doorduin 2014 (Netherlands, n=12, PMID 24295055); Buncamper 2015* (Netherlands, n=49, PMID 26096123); Bouman 2016* (Netherlands, n=31, PMID 27475240); Kanhai 2016 (Netherlands, n=50, PMID 26893274); van der Sluis 2016* (Netherlands, n=9, PMID 26928775); Buncamper 2017 (Netherlands, n=100, PMID 28234830); van de Grift 2017 (Netherlands, n=21, PMID 29128275); Nikkelen 2018 (Netherlands, n=576, PMID 29144853); van de Grift 2019 (Netherlands, n=38, PMID 30672387); Pigot 2020 (Netherlands, n=68, PMID 33071204); de Rooij 2021 (Netherlands, n=102, PMID 33896759); Elfering 2021 (Netherlands, n=59, PMID 34425361); Özer 2023 (Netherlands, n=14, PMID 38601805); Ross 2024 (Netherlands, n=21, PMID 38238978); Ross 2024 (Netherlands, n=21, PMID 39385959); van der Meulen 2025 (Netherlands, n=70, PMID 40577261); Gieles 2025 (Netherlands, n=8, PMID 40099762); van der Meulen 2025 (Netherlands, n=37, PMID 39505365); Gieles 2025 (Netherlands, n=28, PMID 39262228); Vallinga 2026* (Netherlands, n=70, PMID 42296272); van Heesewijk 2026 (Netherlands, n=100, PMID 42152775); van Heesewijk 2026 (Netherlands, n=19, PMID 42217199; possible overlap with the previous entry); Vestering 2026 (Netherlands, n=79, PMID 42807449); Gieles 2023* (Netherlands; Belgium; Germany, n=325, PMID 37114112); Al-Tamimi 2019 (Netherlands; Serbia; USA; Finland; France; Canada; Belgium, n=62, PMID 31542350); Pigot 2020 (Netherlands; Sweden; Iceland, n=25, PMID 31680006); Santos 2023 (Portugal, n=114, PMID 37090416); Stanojevic 2007 (Serbia, n=62, PMID 17991552); Djordjevic 2009 (Serbia, n=82, PMID 19175859); Djordjevic 2011* (Serbia, n=27, PMID 21995738); Djordjevic 2016* (Serbia, n=7, after reversal of genital surgery, PMID 27156012); Vukadinovic 2014 (Serbia, n=97, PMID 24982953); Bordas 2021 (Serbia, n=813, PMID 34721306); Castanon 2022 (Serbia, n=52, PMID 35550383); Bartolucci 2015* (Spain, n=103, PMID 25401972); Mañero Vazquez 2018 (Spain, n=97, PMID 29916890); Mañero Vazquez 2022 (Spain, n=84, PMID 36184466); Mañero Vazquez 2024 (Spain, n=195, PMID 38441522); Sigurjónsson 2017 (Sweden, n=22, PMID 28087356); Askelöf 2026 (Sweden, n=8, PMID 42904732); Kuhn 2011 (Switzerland, n=55, PMID 21458798); di Summa 2019 (Switzerland, n=43, PMID 31668734); Mijuskovic 2025* (Switzerland, n=41, PMID 39981270); Bettocchi 2005 (UK, n=85, PMID 15638908); Garcia 2014 (UK, n=25, PMID 26816764); Falcone 2018 (UK, n=247, PMID 28940910)
North America (48): Wassersug 2011 (Canada, n=12, PMID 21218363); LeBreton 2017 (Canada, n=28, PMID 28161082); Khorrami 2022* (Canada, n=15, PMID 35405363); Potter 2023 (Canada, n=80, PMID 36630152); Pickel 2026 (Canada, n=76, PMID 42565804); Robinson 2021 (International (3 continents; first author USA), n=129, PMID 33663938); Lawrence 2005 (USA, n=11, PMID 15803248); Morrison 2015 (USA, n=83, PMID 26218383); Reed 2015* (USA, n=18, PMID 26163098); Dadasovich 2017 (USA, n=122, PMID 27552941); Jiang 2018 (USA, n=30, PMID 29706578); Staples 2020 (USA, n=317, PMID 31140876); Whynott 2020 (USA, n=43, PMID 32669246); Huber 2021 (USA, n=102, PMID 34288738); Blasdel 2022 (USA, n=199, PMID 35337785); Abern 2022 (USA, n=782, PMID 35119296); Warwick 2022 (USA, n=30, PMID 34619356); Chung 2022 (USA, n=25, PMID 36063656); Boskey 2022* (USA, n=15, PMID 35973394); Tordoff 2023* (USA, n=1219, PMID 37678647); Zaliznyak 2023 (USA, n=163, PMID 36646176); Goldbach 2023 (USA, n=169, PMID 35076336); Cheng 2023 (USA, n=30, PMID 38130978); Kloer 2023* (USA, n=690, PMID 36817276); Mehr 2023 (USA, n=2, PMID 37680230); Stelmar 2023 (USA, n=29, PMID 37721184); Bahr 2024 (USA, n=88, PMID 37549733); Stelmar 2024 (USA, n=204, PMID 39211910); Monari 2025 (USA, n=?, PMID 41352344); Zoltin 2025* (USA, n=8, PMID 40849668); Chang 2025 (USA, n=543, PMID 40633693); Finegan 2025 (USA, n=63, PMID 40192463); Mmonu 2025 (USA, n=18, PMID 40122562); Ramsay 2025 (USA, n=306, PMID 39883553); Pope 2025* (USA, n=150, PMID 41312178); Haley 2025* (USA, n=48, PMID 41299810); Johnston 2025 (USA, n=33, PMID 39271026); Tordoff 2026 (USA, n=28, PMID 42814583); Finegan 2026* (USA, n=58, PMID 42035840); Rahman 2026 (USA, n=223, PMID 41206362); Blasdel 2026 (USA, n=500, PMID 39781707); Harrison 2026* (USA, n=295, PMID 42666054); Sanchez Figueroa 2026 (USA, n=89, PMID 42466234); de Moya 2026* (USA, n=20, PMID 41625174); Blasdel 2026 (USA, n=171, PMID 42445340); Callahan 2026 (USA, n=766, PMID 42692269); Lawrence 2005 (USA (inferred; affiliation is email only), n=232, PMID 15803249); Lawrence 2006 (USA (inferred; affiliation is email only), n=232, PMID 17109225)
South Asia (3): Kaushik 2019 (India, n=329, PMID 31321174); Gupta 2022 (India, n=183, PMID 36017412); Arjun 2026 (India, n=30, PMID 42022379)
Oceania (1): Zwickl 2023 (Australia, n=486, PMID 36603056)
West Asia / Middle East (11): Cohanzad 2016 (Iran, n=10, PMID 26744289); Seyed-Forootan 2018 (Iran, n=24, PMID 29383415); Nematollahi 2022 (Iran, n=127, PMID 35568868); Akhoondinasab 2024 (Iran, n=49, PMID 39552798); Yaish 2023 (Israel, n=22, PMID 38130980); Yaish 2025* (Israel, n=98, PMID 39400931); Aköz 2003 (Turkey, n=2, PMID 12792540); Özkan 2018 (Turkey, n=9, PMID 29519186); Balik 2023 (Turkey, n=19, PMID 37405858); Arda 2024 (Turkey, n=26, PMID 39135368); Şişman 2026 (Türkiye, n=39, PMID 42885499)
Latin America (6): Lobato 2006 (Brazil, n=19, PMID 17075731); Monteiro Petry Jardim 2022* (Brazil, n=26, PMID 36497848); Abboud 2022 (Brazil, n=35, PMID 36217392); Barcelos 2024* (Brazil, n=108, PMID 38980327); da Silva 2024 (Brazil, n=68, PMID 38662108); Hazin 2026 (Brazil, n=6, PMID 41988242)
Southeast Asia (3): Nimitpanya 2022 (Thailand, n=97, PMID 36644029); Vichuladda 2026* (Thailand, n=55, PMID 41891061); Ratanalert 2026 (Thailand, n=10, PMID 40540750)
East Asia (9): Wei 2018 (China, n=9, PMID 29026957); Yang 2024 (China, n=151, PMID 39055628); Wang 2025* (China, n=13, PMID 39779504); Mukai 2017 (Japan, n=15, PMID 29042697); Kirisawa 2021 (Japan, n=85, PMID 33540366); Kim 2003 (South Korea, n=28, PMID 12832887); Kim 2009 (South Korea, n=40, PMID 18164673); Kim 2011 (South Korea, n=2, PMID 22150145); Manrique 2018* (Taiwan, n=15, PMID 29140905)
Disclosures
The author is transgender, and founder and sole funder of Eden Institute, a transgender health research institute being set up in Korea. Full register of interests: edenopenly.com/about/declared-interests/. AI tools assisted searching, screening and drafting (how we use AI). Corrections: corrections policy. Licence: CC BY 4.0.
Change log
- 25 October 2026 (correction): the version line above and the entries below were dated 26 October 2026. They were made on 25 October 2026 (UTC) and are now dated to match. No figure changed.
- 25 October 2026: version 1.1 deposited (doi:10.5281/zenodo.23648451; report SHA-256 4b4cb701a20a38868b5c470996ccb298d615a8dec2a6d18bb0c44d9be2c1799d). All 30 records sent to full text were checked blind by an independent human reviewer (25 of 30 agreed); on the author’s rulings, Djordjevic 2016 and van Heesewijk 2026 were added, giving 190 studies and 19,819 participants, with every share unchanged (Korea 0.35%). Named questionnaires 46 of 190 (24%). Correction: Özkan 2018 had been labelled as decided on full text; it was decided on its abstract. A participant-counting rule is now stated, and Özer 2023 is 14, not 13. The report’s correction record lists every change.
- 25 October 2026: listed on the new Evidence Maps page, and linked from it. No figure changed.
- 25 October 2026: link to download the report PDF added (the file held on Zenodo, SHA-256 f6a78624202b947e2b23cb060dd6abfebd427346c23ba00e644adf97d8c08d4b). No figure changed.
- 25 October 2026: deposited on Zenodo as EM-001 version 1.0 (doi:10.5281/zenodo.23646560), with the data and reproduction scripts on GitHub. No figure changed.
- 25 October 2026: corrections after an independent check of every figure. Named questionnaires 45 of 186 (24%), not 46 (25%): our coding rule matched “SEAR” inside the word “researcher”. Two studies recoded (Falcone 2020 to Italy, Zavlin 2018 to Germany), so Europe and North America is 88.7%. KITE: 84 after vaginoplasty, not 75, and its single question on sexual confidence is now reported, with what counting it would change. The Korean FSFI-5 was validated at the same university as the brain-imaging work, not by the same department. The full-text claim now covers Korean studies in the map only. All 65 KoreaMed records read. Later the same day: two studies added for consistency with how similar studies were already treated (Özkan 2018, whose trans results can be identified within a mixed series; Santanelli 2000, which reports genital sensation, as Arda 2024 does), giving 188 studies and 19,792 participants; and a second blinded author check of 20 records from the later part of the search, giving 80 in all (κ = 0.90). Korea’s share is unchanged at 0.35%.
- 24 October 2026: page drafted. 20 records unclear at abstract stage resolved from full texts (11 included, 8 excluded, 1 moved to brain imaging); Lawrence 2005/2006 participants counted once. Conclusion made specific (which measures, in which cohorts) and an offer to share our data with Korean researchers added.